Source : Ukraine’s 10-point plan
用 ChatGPT 翻譯成中文
Faridaily獲得了2022年3月29日烏克蘭談判代表在伊斯坦布爾交付給俄羅斯代表的書面提案清單。俄羅斯和烏克蘭尚未同意這些措施，但莫斯科表示將研究和討論這些想法。俄羅斯的首席談判代表、克里姆林宮顧問弗拉基米爾·梅金斯基(Vladimir Medinsky)於週二向記者總結了其中一些提議，而Faridaily則獲得了公報的文本。基輔對俄羅斯的基本提議是”永久中立”。
提議1：烏克蘭宣布自己是一個中立的國家，承諾不與任何集團結盟，並且不發展核武器，作為國際法律擔保的交換。可能的擔保國家包括俄羅斯、英國、中國、美國、法國、土耳其、德國、加拿大、意大利、波蘭和以色列，其他國家也歡迎加入條約。
提議2：對烏克蘭的這些國際安全擔保不適用於克里米亞、塞瓦斯托波爾或東部地區的某些地區。協議各方需要界定這些地區的邊界，或者同意每一方對這些邊界有不同的理解。
提議3：烏克蘭承諾不加入任何軍事聯盟，也不設立外國軍事基地或軍隊駐紮。任何國際軍事演習僅在擔保國家的同意下才可能進行。擔保國家則確認他們有意促進烏克蘭加入歐盟。
提議4：烏克蘭和擔保國家同意，在發生侵略、針對烏克蘭的武裝襲擊或針對烏克蘭的任何軍事行動的情況下，每一個擔保國家在緊急和立即的互相磋商後（必須在三天內進行），有權根據《聯合國憲章》第51條確認的個別或集體自衛權利，將在烏克蘭正式請求的基礎上提供援助，作為一個受到攻擊的永久中立國家。這種援助將通過立即實施必要的個別或聯合行動進行，包括封鎖烏克蘭的空域、提供必要的武器、使用武力以恢復並維護烏克蘭作為永久中立國家的安全。
提議5：任何此類武裝襲擊（任何軍事行動）和由此產生的所有措施將立即報告給聯合國安全理事會。這些措施將在聯合國安理會採取必要的措施來恢復和維護國際和平與安全時終止。
提議6：為防止可能的挑釁行為，該協議將調整根據烏克蘭和擔保國家之間磋商結果履行烏克蘭安全擔保的機制。
提議7：該條約自烏克蘭簽署並由所有或大多數擔保國家簽署之日起臨時生效。該條約在（1）烏克蘭的永久中立地位獲得全國性公投批准、（2）在烏克蘭憲法中引入相應修正、以及（3）在烏克蘭和擔保國家的議會中批准後生效。
提議8：雙方希望解決與克里米亞和塞瓦斯托波爾有關的問題，將致力於烏克蘭和俄羅斯之間的雙邊談判，為期15年。烏克蘭和俄羅斯還承諾不通過軍事手段解決這些問題，將繼續進行外交解決的努力。
提議9：雙方將繼續磋商（涉及其他擔保國家的參與），以籌備和協商《烏克蘭安全擔保條約》的條款、停火方式、軍隊和其他準軍事形態的撤退，以及持續開放和確保安全運作的人道主義走廊，並進行屍體交換、釋放戰俘和拘禁的平民。
提議10：雙方認為有可能舉行烏克蘭總統和俄羅斯總統之間的會晤，目的是簽署條約和/或針對其他未解決的問題採取政治決策。
Faridaily obtained a list of the written proposals Ukrainian negotiators delivered to their Russian counterparts in Istanbul on March 29, 2022. Russia and Ukraine have not agreed to these measures, but Moscow says it will study and discuss the ideas. Russia’s lead negotiator, Kremlin adviser Vladimir Medinsky, summarized some of these proposals to journalists on Tuesday, while Faridaily got access to the text of the communiqué. Kyiv’s fundamental offer to Russia is “permanent neutrality.”
Proposal 1: Ukraine proclaims itself a neutral state, promising to remain nonaligned with any blocs and refrain from developing nuclear weapons — in exchange for international legal guarantees. Possible guarantor states include Russia, Great Britain, China, the United States, France, Turkey, Germany, Canada, Italy, Poland, and Israel, and other states would also be welcome to join the treaty.
Proposal 2: These international security guarantees for Ukraine would not extend to Crimea, Sevastopol, or certain areas of the Donbas. The parties to the agreement would need to define the boundaries of these regions or agree that each party understands these boundaries differently.
Proposal 3: Ukraine vows not to join any military coalitions or host any foreign military bases or troop contingents. Any international military exercises would be possible only with the consent of the guarantor-states. For their part, these guarantors confirm their intention to promote Ukraine’s membership in the European Union.
Proposal 4: Ukraine and the guarantor-states agree that (in the event of aggression, any armed attack against Ukraine, or any military operation against Ukraine) each of the guarantor-states, after urgent and immediate mutual consultations (which must be held within three days) on the exercise of the right to individual or collective self-defense (as recognized by Article 51 of the UN Charter) will provide (in response to and on the basis of an official appeal by Ukraine) assistance to Ukraine, as a permanently neutral state under attack. This aid will be facilitated through the immediate implementation of such individual or joint actions as may be necessary, including the closure of Ukraine’s airspace, the provision of necessary weapons, the use of armed force with the goal of restoring and then maintaining Ukraine’s security as a permanently neutral state.
Proposal 5: Any such armed attack (any military operation at all) and all measures taken as a result will be reported immediately to the UN Security Council. Such measures will cease when the UNSC takes the measures needed to restore and maintain international peace and security.
Proposal 6: Implementing protections against possible provocations, the agreement will regulate the mechanism for fulfilling Ukraine’s security guarantees based on the results of consultations between Ukraine and the guarantor-states.
Proposal 7: The treaty provisionally applies from the date it is signed by Ukraine and all or most guarantor-states. The treaty enters force after (1) Ukraine’s permanently neutral status is approved in a nationwide referendum, (2) the introduction of the appropriate amendments in Ukraine’s Constitution, and (3) ratification in the parliaments of Ukraine and the guarantor-states.
Proposal 8: The parties’ desire to resolve issues related to Crimea and Sevastopol shall be committed to bilateral negotiations between Ukraine and Russia for a period of 15 years. Ukraine and Russia also pledge not to resolve these issues by military means and to continue diplomatic resolution efforts.
Proposal 9: The parties shall continue consultations (with the involvement of other guarantor-states) to prepare and agree on the provisions of a Treaty on Security Guarantees for Ukraine, ceasefire modalities, the withdrawal of troops and other paramilitary formations, and the opening and ensuring of safe-functioning humanitarian corridors on an ongoing basis, as well as the exchange of dead bodies and the release of prisoners of war and interned civilians.
Proposal 10: The parties consider it possible to hold a meeting between the presidents of Ukraine and Russia for the purpose of signing a treaty and/or adopting political decisions regarding other remaining unresolved issues.
